Belgium

Meaning "School of Things," Mono-ha originated in Tokyo in the mid-1960s. Instead of creating traditional artwork, the artists of Mono-ha used different materials and their natural properties to express dismay at the industrialization taking place in Japan at the time. The movement gained international attention and is now a widely respected form of art, known for its emphasis on the relationship between materials and their environment.

Earth art, also known as Land Art, emerged in the 1960s and 70s as part of the conceptual art movement. It involves creating artworks by sculpting the land or constructing structures in the landscape using natural materials like earth, rocks, or twigs. These works are often large-scale and emphasize the relationship between art and nature.

Situationism is a psychological theory that gained prominence in 1968, following the publication of a monograph by Walter Mischel that sparked the Person-situation debate. This theory argues that behavior is primarily influenced by external situational factors rather than internal traits or motivations, challenging the ideas of trait theorists like Raymond B. Cattell and Hans Eysenck, who emphasized stable personality traits. It is important not to confuse this with the Situationist International movement, an artistic and political movement founded by Asger Jorn, which focused on the critique of modern consumer society and the influence of environments on human behavior.