Sam Francis

Untitled, 1984

106.7 X 73 inch

What is patina?

What is patina?

Patina is the distinctive greenish surface that bronze develops over time due to exposure to air and humidity. Artists can also apply chemicals to bronze to artificially create patina. Alternatively, bronze can be polished to reveal its natural rich gold color. Patina is not exclusive to bronze; it can also occur on other metals like copper and even on wood and stone, enhancing the material's character over time.

Sound Art

Sound Art is an artistic discipline where sound is used as the primary medium. Like other contemporary art genres, Sound Art is inherently interdisciplinary, engaging with a variety of subjects including electronics, acoustics, noise music, psychoacoustics, audio media, video, film, and sculpture. Early examples of Sound Art include Luigi Russolo's noise intoners, as well as experimental works by Surrealists, Dadaists, and the Fluxus movement. These early pioneers helped establish sound as a legitimate medium for artistic expression.

Plaster

Plaster is a mixture of heat-treated powdered gypsum combined with water to create a workable material. It can be used to make solid sculptures, cast in molds, carved, modeled, or attached to other materials. Artists have used plaster for both working models and finished artworks for centuries due to its versatility.

Concrete art

Concrete Art is an art movement founded by the Dutch artist Theo van Doesburg in the 1930s. The movement emphasizes pure abstraction, focusing on geometric shapes and colors without any reference to the natural world or symbolic meaning. Unlike other forms of abstract art, Concrete Art is entirely non-representational and is based on mathematical principles and precise execution. It aims to create universal, timeless works by using simple, clear forms that emphasize objectivity and clarity.

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