What is Papier-Maché?
Papier-mâché is a composite material made from pieces of paper or pulp, reinforced with textiles and bound with adhesives like starch, wallpaper paste, or glue. There are two main methods to create papier-mâché: one involves layering strips of paper soaked in adhesive, while the other uses a pulp made by boiling or soaking paper and then adding glue. Though each method has a different process, both yield similar results.
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Tachisme is a French abstract painting style that gained popularity between 1940 and 1950, often seen as the European counterpart to Abstract Expressionism. However, there are stylistic differences between the two. Tachisme, which emerged from Art Informel, rejected geometric abstraction in favor of more intuitive and spontaneous expression. It was a reaction against the structured forms of Cubism and is closely related to Informalism. Tachisme emphasizes gestural brushwork, irregular forms, and a focus on the process of painting itself.
Transavanguardia is the Italian version of Neo-Expressionism, referring to an art movement that emerged in Italy and other parts of Western Europe during the 1970s and 1980s. The term translates to beyond the avant-garde. Transavanguardia arose as a reaction against the dominance of conceptual art, reintroducing emotion and reviving painting as a primary medium. The movement marked a return to mythic imagery and figurative art, celebrating a rediscovery of traditional forms and themes in a contemporary context.
