What is an Artist Proof?
An artist proof traditionally refers to a print impression taken during the printing process to evaluate the current state of the artwork as the artist works on the plate. These proofs often show incomplete images and are sometimes called trial impressions or working proofs. However, in modern practice, an artist proof typically refers to an impression of the finished work that is identical to the numbered edition copies but is set aside for the artist's personal use. Artist proofs are usually marked A.P. and may be considered more valuable by collectors due to their limited availability.
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Metalcut was a relief printing technique used primarily in Europe from around 1450 to 1540. The technique involved using thin metal plates. One method involved cutting or hammering away parts of the plate that were not intended to print, while the other method used engraving to create white lines on a black background.
Tempera is a paint traditionally made by mixing colored pigments with egg yolk. It dries quickly and is highly durable, with some examples dating back to 100 AD still in existence. Modern tempera paint often uses glue size as a binder instead of egg yolk. Tempera is known for its bright colors and fine, detailed application, making it popular for panel paintings and icons.
